Carbureter.



No'. 794,927l PATBNTBD JULY 18,1905.

' E. B; L L. s. GUSHMAN.

GARBURETER. APPLIGATION FILED APB. 11.1903.

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UNITED STATES Patented July 18, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

EVERETT B. OUSIIMAN AND LESLIE S. OUSHMAN, OF LINCOLN, NEBRASKA,

ASSIGNORS TO OUSHMAN MOTOR OO.,

OF LINCOLN, NEBRASKA.

CARBURETER.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 794,927,

dated July 18, 1905.

Application filed April 17, 1903. Serial No. 153,122.

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that we, EVEEETT B. CUSH- MAN and LESLIE S. OUsHMAN,citizens of the United States, residing at Lincoln, in the county ofLancaster and State of Nebraska, have invented a new and usefulOarbureter, of which the following is a speciiication.

This invention relates to certain improvements in carbureters of thatgeneral class employed for the mixing of air and gasolene to form anexplosive compound for use in connection with gas-engines.

The principal object of the invention is to provide a carbureting devicein which the quantity of gasolene will at all times be strictlyproportionate to the quantity of air, so that the compound will at alltimes be uniform, and thus result in more uniform action of the engine.

A further object of the invention is to provide a carbureting device inwhich a fixed quantity of gasolene will at all times be maintained in achamber or vessel, from which it may be withdrawn by the suction due tothe outstroke of the piston after the exhaust has been expelled from thecylinder, a constant supply being automatically Inaintained by means ofa iioat-controlling valve disposed in said chamber, and in thisconnection a further object of the invention is to provide a valve whichmay be conveniently removed when it becomes necessary to cleanseeitherthe valve-seat or valve and remove the sediment which naturallyaccumulates at this point.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a mechanism bymeans of which the quantity of gasolene fed at each operation may begradually adjusted in accordance with the speed and load of the engine.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a carburetingmechanism in which a throttle-valve is movable to govern the entrance ofthe explosive charge to the explosion-chamber, said valve controllingnot only the entrance of the'explosive mixture to the engine, but alsoserving to control the quantity of air admitted to the mixing-chamber ofthe carbureter, so that the air-entrance port will always be opened to adegree proportionate to the discharge-port of the explosive mixture, andthus render the suction through the mixing-chamber uniform, the resultbeing the withdrawal from the gasolene-chamber of a quantity of gasoleneproportionate to the quantity of air admitted to the mixing-chamber.

With this and other objects in view the invention consists in the novelconstruction and combination of parts hereinafter described, andillustrated in the accompanying drawings, and particularly pointed outin the appended claims, it being understood that various changes of theform, proportions, and minor details of the structure may be madewithout departingfrom the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages ofthe invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of acarbureter constructed in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is anend elevation of the same, partly in section. Fig. 3 is a sectional planview of the carbureter. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of thethrottle-valve.

Similar numerals of reference are employed to indicate correspondingparts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

A device forming the subject of the present invention comprises ingeneral a pair of connected cylindrical chambers, which may be formed ofan integral casting of a size proportionate to the size of the engine towhich it is to be applied.

The chamber 1 which may be of cylindrical or other form, is designed toreceive and to maintain a constant quantity of hydrocarbon, preferablyin the form` of gasolene, and this may be fed from an elevated tank orby a suitable pumping device of an kind, the gasolene being introducedthroug a feed-pipe connected to a threaded openinoq 2, the upper portionof which is a contracte opening 3, leading to the interior of thegasolene-chamber l. At the top of the opening 3 is a valve-seat for thereception of a needlevalve 4, the stem of which fits in a suitableopening in the wall of the chamber, the top of said valve-stem beingpivotally connected to one arm of a lever 5, fulcrumed to ears or lugs6, carried by the removable top 7 of the chamber 1. The valve is soconstructed that by removing the pivot-pin which connects its stem tothe lever 5 said valve may be readily `.removed from position to permitthe insertion of a suitable cleaning-tool and the removal of anysediment which may have accumulated at the valve-seat, and this may beaccomplished without disconnecting any other portion of the mechanism orthe disconnection of any of the gasolene-pipes.

The bottom of the chamber 1 is provided with a recess in which is guidedthe lower end of a float-rod 8, connected at its upper end to `the lever5 and being guided by a suitable opening in the removable head 7. Thefioatrod carries a hollow float 9, which rises or lowers in pro ortionto the level of the gasolene in the c amber and on rising depresses thevalve and keeps 0H the flow of gasolene. As the supply is exhausted thevalve opens to a corresponding extent to renew the supply to thechamber.

The mixing-chamber 10 is cylindrical in form and is provided with anupper removable head 11. The interior of this chamber is bored toreceive a cylindrical throttlevalve 12, the interior of which reallyconstitutes the mixing-chamber, and at the lower end of said valve is avalve-seat 13, provided with a plurality of substantially triangularopenings or ports 14, the central portion of the valve-seat member beingprovided with a de ending boss for the reception oi a depen ing stern15, carried by the valve. The valve-seat is in the form of a ring seatedon a shoulder or flange at the lower portion of the chamber 10 and maybe circumferentially adjusted on its seat and locked in any position bymeans of a set-screw 16. The lower end of the throttle-valve is facedand is provided with triangular openings 14, corresponding to thesimilar openings 14 in the valve-seat, so that by turning lthe valve thequantity of air admitted to the interior of the valve may be regulatedto a nicety.

In order to properly guide the throttlevalve, the upper or closed end ofsaid valve is provided with a vertically-disposed stud 17, fitting in acorresponding recess in the removable head 11. In the inner wall of thechamber 1.0 is a threaded opening for the reception of a nipple 18,having a verticallydisposed discharge-opening 19, which is incommunication with the gasolene-chamber,

the gasolene passing from said chamber to the needle through a port 20,and in said port is a valve-seat for the reception of a needlevalve 21,having a threaded stem fitted in a threaded o ening in the wall of thechamber and provi ed at its upper end with a milled head or knob 22, byturning which the valve may be opened or closed in order to regulate aflow of gasolene from the chamber 1. The top of the knob 22 ispreferably graduated in order to indicate the extent to which the valveis opened, and in one side of the wallchamber is a threaded opening forthe reception of a set-screw 23, which may be engaged with thevalve-stem to lock the latter in any desired position of adjustment.Immediately below the nipple are arranged a number of reticulatedscreens 25, and above the nipple are a number of similar screens 26, the

first being for the purpose of distributing the air entering at thelower portion of the chamber and the latter serving as strainers todivide the air and permit it to absorb a greater quantity of the liquidgasolene, and thus form a vapor suitable for use in the engine.

The level of gasolene maintained in the chamber 1 is constant and atallv times is supposed to be about on a level with the upper portion ofthe port 20 or at a trifle thereabove, so that the gasolene will notflow by gravity out through the nipple into the mixing-chamber, thewithdrawal of the gasolene being dependent on the suction of the passingcurrent of' air which enters at the lower portion ofthe valve and passesout through a suitable port 27 in the valve, the port communicating witha suitable connection 28, through which the explosive charge is led tothe engine.

In one wall of the chamber 10 is a curved slot 30, through which extendsa radiallydisposed arm 31, carried by the valve and controlled by asuitable governor in accordance with the speed ofthe engine, or the armmay serve for the purpose of manual adjustment when desired.

The air entering into the lower portion of the chamber passes throughthe ports 14 and is finely divided, so as to fill the entire area of themixing-chamber. In its passage through the chamber the suction exertedby the passing current serves to withdraw a quantity oi? gasolenethrough the nipple 18, and this liquid gasolene is mixed with orabsorbed by the air, and after the mixture passes through the screens 26it is led through the port 27' to the engine, It will be vobserved thatthe same valve controls both the admission of air and the exit oftheexplosive mixture, so that when the valve is adjusted to increase thequantity of air admitted it also increases the area ofthe exit-openingfor the explosive charge and reduces said area when the area of theentrance-ports is reduced. `This serves effectually to keep the strengthof the suction uniform, and as the quantity of gasolene withdrawn isproportlonate to the quantity of air which eflects its withdrawal theproportion of gasolene to the air will at all times be uniform.

By adjusting the valve-ring 13 the carbureter may be rendered suitablefor use in connectionwith engines of different size, or for the sameengine under different conditions of IOO ISO

speed and load while further adjustment of the quantity of carbon in themixture may be accomplished by the needle-valve 21,

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed isJ l. In aoarbureter, a mixingehamber, a gasolene-ohamber, a detachable @over forthe gasolene-chamber, a float within the chamber, a iloat-oarrying rodsecured to the float and extending through an opening in the cover, agasolene-supply passage formed in a portion of the wall of thegasolene-ohamber, said passage being extended upward through the top ofthe chamber at a point clear of the outer edge of the cover, a movablevalvestem guided within said passage, a valve oarried by the stem andserving to close said passage, a lever fulorumed to the cover and ,oon-

neoted to the float-rod, and a detachable oonneotion between theopposite end of the lever and the valve-stem, thereby to permit theremoval of the stem without interfering with the oover7 substantially asspeoi'lied.

2. In combination, a oylindrioal casing provided with a bottom air-inletport, and near its upper end with ported adjustable valve-seat carriedby the casing, means'for looking said seat in position, a Cylindricalvalve arranged Within the oasing and closed at its upper end, the lowerend of said valve having air-ports and resting on the valve-seat, avapor-discharge port arranged at the upper portion of the valve and avapor-outlet port, a

movable into alinement with the smaller port of the easing, and aliquid-i'uel-inlet port extending through the easing and into an'opening into the interior of the valve.

ln testimony that We claim the foregoing as our own we have heretoaffixed our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

EVERETT B. CUSHMAN. LESLIE S. CUSHMAN.

Witnesses:

H. W. DAvrs, E. l). COLEMAN.

